How to Configuring the Cisco IOS NTP Server

In the real world can have a high end Cisco 7600 or 7,200 Cisco router as NTP server, the entire infrastructure, including Windows or Linux network from the same NTP server on the network to ensure each device gets its time is synchronized.

While getting training of  CCNA in Pakistan let us learn how to Configure IOS NTP Server using just a single command. Configured as an NTP server to support Cisco equipment you will use the NTP master # command in global configuration and # is the device of strata. For example,; NTP master 3 will act as a stratum 3 NTP servers, configuring Cisco devices.

In this lab you will configure R1 and R2 as a NTP server NTP client query the time from an NTP server R1.

Familiarize yourself with; the following new commands are listed below

Step 1: Manually configure the time and date on R1 to the current time and date.

Step 2: Configure R1 as an NTP Master server in the stratum 3 layer.

Step 3: Configure R2 as an NTP client using R1 as its NTP Server.

Step 4: Verify that the time and date and R1,R2 to be properly synchronized.

Read Me:

You may need to wait a few minutes, R1 and R2 before it's time, so don't get discouraged if it doesn't sync, sync.

How to Configuring IP DHCP Helper Address

So have you thought about how a single DHCP server can provide a DHCP IP address to each computer on a network, DHCP servers are not in the same broadcast domain? All DHCP request broadcast requests correctly?

A lot of people who are getting on-campus or CCNA online training don't know how to do this, but the answer is quite simple. This is called IP assistance programs address. DHCP IP assistance programs address previous routing interfaces (such as VLAN or a router Ethernet interface allows the specific device will act as a "middle man" forwards (broadcast) BOOTP DHCP requests it receives by assisting programs through unicast IP address of the DHCP server IP address configured on the interface.

To configure IP assistance program addresses connected to interface configuration mode in which you want to provide DHCP broadcast domains on the interface using the IP address a.b.c.d IP assistance programs address. For example, one VLAN on the interface or router's Ethernet interface to connect Cisco switch or have a separation layer 2 VLAN.

R1 and R2 in the lab put a different VLAN, your DHCP pool is created for each VLAN on the R1 and SW1 ′ s VLAN20 interfaces connected to R2 VLAN in order to ensure that the device on the Ethernet segment from the DHCP server (R1) receive assistance program a IP address is configured on the DHCP IP address. You will test your PC as a simulated host using the R2 configuration of DHCP and IP assistance programs.

Familiarize yourself with the following new commands;

• Than load if you use GNS3 CCNA free Binder GNS3 topology than starting system R1, R2 and SW1
• Establish a with R1, R2 and SW1 than load by copying the configuration file from the text box and paste it into a respectable router console provides the following initial configuration of the device console session.

Step 1: On R1 create a new DHCP pool called “LAB_POOL2″ and assign it the following attributes; network 10.116.20.0/24, default-router of 10.116.20.2, domain name TESTLAB.LOCAL, DNS servers 10.116.18.6 & 10.116.18.7

Step 2: About the SW1 IP interface configuration assistance programs address points to 10.116.10.1

Step 3: Verify that R2 can receive a DHCP address from R1 in the 10.116.20.0/24 network.

R2#configure terminal

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

R2(config)#interface FastEthernet0/0

R2(config-if)#shut

R2(config-if)#

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to administratively down

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to down

R2(config-if)#no shut

R2(config-if)#end

R2#

%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console

R2#

%LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

R2#

%DHCP-6-ADDRESS_ASSIGN: Interface FastEthernet0/0 assigned DHCP address 10.116.20.3, mask 255.255.255.0, hostname R2

R2#ping 10.116.10.1

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.116.10.1, timeout is 2 seconds:

!!!!!

Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 48/108/164 ms

R2#

How to Configuring RIP for IPv6 - RIPng

While getting Cisco Training in Pakistan, now its time for you to move to third, dynamic routing protocol free CCNA Binder discusses the fundamental understanding of IPv6. Created specifically for the IPv6 RIP next generation.

Operation mode such as RIPv2, RIPng sending updates every 30 seconds and the route expiration timer time is 180 seconds. Default garbage collection interval is 120 seconds. RIP to send updates to the IPv6 multicast groups, and by default uses port 521 FF02::9.

Configuring RIPng only RIPv2, slightly easier. RIPng, you configured in router configuration mode to a specific interface not using network x.x.x.x command no longer participate in the RIP process. RIPng you participate now RIP interface is configured on a per-interface basis.

To configure an interface name RIPng you use IPv6 RIP command is enabled on a per-interface basis. IPv4 is the name specified in the syntax of local major name is used to identify the router RIPng processes on multiple processes on a single router RIPng, RIP can only have a single process.

RIPng Protocol timers, and other relevant information you want to see, use this command to display shows the name of the IPv6 RIP. To view the database will use the show IPv6 RIPng user names or privileged mode in the RIP database command.

There is a new order, not RIP to show IPv6 RIP command names the next-hop IPv4 to IPv6. This command displays the number of routes to each next-hop (a neighboring router).

In this lab you will R1&R2 and R3, R2 located on each router interface loopback0 IPv6 traffic between IPv6 network for the routing on a frame relay subinterface configuration between RIPng.

Familiarize yourself with the following new commands;

Lab Prerequisites:

• If you are using GNS3 than load the Free CCNA Workbook GNS3 topology than start device(s); R1, R2 and R3
• Establish a console session with device(s) R1, R2 and R3 than load the initial configurations provided below by copying the config from the textbox and pasting it into the respected routers console.

Lab Objectives:

• Enable RIPng R1 ′ s and serial 0/0.122 interface Loopback0 used RIPng process name "none".
• Enable RIPng R2 ′ s Loopback0, serial 0/0.221 serial 0/0.223 interface using RIPng process name "CCNA".
• Enable RIPng R3 ′ s and serial 0/0.322 interface Loopback0 used RIPng process name "Binder".
• Validation R1 R2 ′ s ′ s Loopback0 network routing serial 0/0.223 link-local IPv6 address of the next hop of the R3 ′ s the IPv6 exists in the IPv6 routing table.
• Verified by pinging the R1 from R3 ′ s ′ s Loopback0 interface Loopback0 interface IPv6 traffic.

Step 1: Enable RIPng on R1′s Loopback0 and Serial0/0.122 interfaces using the RIPng process name “CCNA”.

R1>enable

R1#configure terminal

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

R1(config)#interface loopback0

R1(config-if)#ipv6 rip FREE enable

R1(config-if)#interface Serial0/0.122

R1(config-subif)#ipv6 rip FREE enable   

R1(config-subif)#end

R1#

%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console

R1#

Step 2: Enable RIPng on R2′s Loopback0, Serial0/0.221 and Serial0/0.223 interfaces using the RIPng process name “CCNA”.

R2>enable

R2#configure terminal

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

R2(config)#interface loopback0

R2(config-if)#ipv6 rip CCNA enable

R2(config-if)#interface Serial0/0.221

R2(config-subif)#ipv6 rip CCNA enable

R2(config-if)#interface Serial0/0.223

R2(config-subif)#ipv6 rip CCNA enable  

R2(config-subif)#end

R2#

%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console

R2#

R3 as shown ′ s routing table; the route to the 2001:ABAD:BEEF:1001::/64 display FE80::C800:11FF:FE84:8 serial 0/0.322 the next-hop network. You should immediately recognize that the address is a link-local address, it begins with "FF80 ″. You can further verify this is through the use of R2, as shown in the following display interface R2 ′ s serial 0/0.223 serial 0/0.223 command IPv6 link-local addresses. Please pay attention to the bottom line of the link-local address from the R3 and R2 ′ s ′ s routing table matches the serial 0/0.223 interface.

Step 5: Verify that by pinging the R1 from R3 ′ s ′ s Loopback0 interface Loopback0 interface IPv6 traffic.

How to Configuring Basic IPv6 OSPFv3

N the real world, many companies use multiple suppliers, network equipment, like Cisco, Juniper, Adtran, and others, and solution needs more suppliers supporting routing protocols. OSPFv3 (open shortest path first version 3) is setting the industry standard for the internal dynamic gateway routing protocols. Because OSPF is an industry standard routing from any dealer that almost every platform supports it.

Migration from IPv4 have OSPF and IPv6. Most of the concepts and the rules remain the same, including the stub zone, the backbone area, default information is originating from, and more. If you need to view OSPF CCNA Binder section 9.

But there are a few changes, configuring OSPFv3 vs OSPF for IPv4. Instead of the OSPF router configuration mode use the network x.x.x.x WC.WC.WC.WC # command now you configure the OSPFv3 interface configuration mode, use the IPv6 OSPF area PROCID# # commands on a per-interface basis.

There are many reasons why you need to enter the OSPFv3 router configuration mode to configure the router ID or set the default information or distribution lists. In this case, you would use the IPv6 router OSPF global configuration mode PROCID# command. But keep in mind that network commands in OSPFv3 does not exist.

In addition if you recall OSPF IPv4 if you remember the highest OSPF router ID on the IPv4 address of the loopback or physical interfaces, whether or not it is not statically assigned. Have strict IPv6 network while working, you will need a static ID through the IPv6 OSPFv3 router OSPF router ID x.x.x.x command in router configuration mode using.

OSPF authentication command a lot already shows the IPv6 OSPF neighbor ported to IPv6, show IPv6 OSPF interfaces and display the IPv6 OSPF database commands.

To view important OSPFv3 information, such as the current timer, router ID, you will need to use the show IPv6 OSPF reference bandwidth user or privileged mode PROCID# command.

In this lab you will R1&R2 between the frame relay subinterface and R3, and 1, 2, and 3 to each router on the loopback interface configured on R2 0 x. When you are finished, you should be able to route located on each router interface loopback0 simulation between IPv6 IPv6 network traffic.

Familiarize yourself with the following new commands;

• According to its number of router R1, R2 and R3 ′ s OSPFv3 router ID. Subsection e; 1.1.1.1
• Configure R1 0/0.221 0/0.122&R2 ′ s ′ s serial port serial port interfaces to participate in OSPF area 0.
• R2 0/0.322 0/0.223&R3 ′ s ′ s serial port serial port interfaces to participate in OSPF area 0.
• Configure OSPF areas 1 to participate in and ensure that R1 released as 64 Lo0 of ′ s Loopback0 interface subnet and host routes, not (128).
• Configure OSPF area 2 to participate in and ensure that R1 R2 ′ s Loopback0 interface Lo0 released as 64 subnet and host routes, not (128).
• Configure OSPF areas 3 to participate in and ensure that R1 released as 64 Lo0 of ′ s Loopback0 interface subnet and host routes, not (128).
• Verify that the R1 ′ s Loopback0 network is R3 in the IPv6 routing table.
• Verify R3 R1 ′ s ′ s Loopback0 network Loopback0 network using PING to IPv6 connections.

Step 1: Configure R1, R2 and R3′s OSPFv3 Router-ID according to their router number. I.e; 1.1.1.1

Step 2: Configure R1′s Serial0/0.122 & R2′s Serial0/0.221 interfaces to participate in OSPF Area 0.

Step 3: Verify that R1′s Loopback0 network is in the IPv6 routing table of R3.

Step 4: Verify that R3′s Loopback0 network has IPv6 connectivity to R1′s Loopback0 network using PING

How to Configuring IPv6 Interface Addressing

Transplants in the past to meet the demands of IPv6 on Cisco routers, such as show IP interface brief, IPv6 is a short several command displays IPv6 interfaces. In addition displays IP routing IPv6 now display the IPv6 routing. You should take the time to experiment and discover new commands, for a description of IPv6 use Cisco IOS context-dependent. (The question mark in the Cisco IOS)

To configure the Cisco X:X:X:X::X/IPv6 addresses on an interface using the IPv6 address <0-128> command in interface configuration mode. Note IPv6 addressing does not explicitly address the subnet mask, but using the CIDR notation. Example IPv4 address 10.55.82.23/24,IPv6 address: 2001:dabd:32bf::1/64. Keep in mind that a host ID portion of the IPv6 address is 64 bits in length. (Half of the IPv6 IP address)

Auto IPv6 advantages one of one node to automatically set a globally unique IPv6 addresses do not need IPv6 DHCP server capability is very attractive, looks forward to the same enterprise of a dime.

Diving in front of you to configure IPv6 settings for the first time let us dive into the depth and how it works and more. The IPv6 Neighbor Discovery protocol uses a (NDP), which makes IPv6-and-plug and play features a unique mechanism. NDP performs multiple functions are listed below;

Router discovery assistance--to find there is no DHCP server node for the local router on the network segment.
Parameter discovery – a node discovery link parameters, such as its ability to link MTU and hop limit.
Prefix discovery--to find the prefix or prefixes assigned to the specific IPv6 node of the link capacity.
Automatic setting – node address to identify its complete unique addresses does not have DHCP server capability.
Duplicate address detection (dad)-capacity, but to identify one of the nodes or IPv6 address, it attempts to use already exists.
Address resolution – a node to discover does not use address resolution Protocol (ARP) link-layer addresses of other nodes on the link capacity.
Next-hop determination – the ability for a node to determine the next network link layer link; target the local router or node.
Neighbor unreachability detection – the ability to determine when the interfaces on the device node of the network link is no longer reachable.
Reset--path of routers to inform hosts of a better ability to reach the given destination.

IPv6 Stateless on an interface configuration set automatically the first time you configure the router to propagate them prefixes using the NDP router advertisement (RA) message link. Without this advertising network links will not know what address is automatically set to the host.

Advertise Cisco router Ethernet interface you want to configure neighbors set IPv6 IPv6 prefix, you must first enable IPv6 unicast routing on the router through global implementation of IPv6 unicast routing commands. IPv6 unicast routing is enabled, you can then proceed to configure the prefix advertised by using the IPv6 ND prefix x:x:x:x::/x command in interface configuration mode. Once you have configured the prefix, the router advertisement specified in Network Discovery Protocol (NDP), router advertisement (RA) and regularly received router solicitation (RS) after the interface prefix.

In this lab, you will configure the FastEthernet0/0 interfaces of R1 and R2, and R1 and R2 static allocation of globally-unique IPv6 unicast address will automatically set its globally unique IPv6 address link.

Familiarize yourself with the following new command(s);

Configure R1 ′ s FastEthernet0/0 interface's IPv6 address; 2001:Abad:beef::1/64.
Configure R1 ′ s FastEthernet0/0 interface to advertise 2001:Abad:beef::/64 prefix NDP router advertisements on an Ethernet segment.
R2 ′ s FastEthernet0/0 interface configuration is automatically set to its unique global unicast IPv6 addresses, please wait a few minutes and verify the interface automatically sets globally unique IPv6 addresses.
Verify IPv6 traffic between the R2 and R1 use Ping.

How to Configuring the Cisco IOS NTP Client

Why has the correct date and time, is to record the last time Cisco equipment configuration of the last one really good day good reasons have been modified. Whenever you make changes to the running configuration, it will also save time and date, and who displays a running or startup configuration when changing the configuration of user name.

Of course, due to the endless; not important all devices in your network have synchronized time and said the network time Protocol (NTP) is the right technology.

Network time protocol, as defined in RFC958 provides a method to get the date and time via the Internet, with several variables are taken into account such as latency and delay so as to ensure the most precise synchronization equipment.

Today's network using the new and approved standard NTPv3 (network time protocol version 3). In a nutshell NTP uses User Datagram Protocol (UDP) on port 123, and indeed one of the most ancient agreement on use of the Internet is today. NTP by Dave · Designed by Mills at the University of Delaware and is still maintained by the team of David and selected volunteers.

Network time protocol is based on a hierarchical model is called clock stratum is short for stratum, "a layer of the series" in Latin meaning.

Cisco device while in use, you will be able to configure through with 1 is the most credible source, and least 15 15 15 layers of. Most Cisco devices in a joint deployment is a class 4 or a later version as the Atomic (caesium, rubidium) clock is a stratum 0 to stratum 1 devices are usually connected directly via serial interface. Stratum 2 device under review such as "time server" queries on their time from stratum 1 device and provides stratum 3 devices, typically reside on the local area network as the local time of the server's time. NTP server can query other NTP servers, as long as they are in the same stratigraphic layer in, you may receive this error, ensure that the most accurate time synchronization. Stratum 4 devices from a properly designed network LAN time server was stratum 3 retrieve their time.

One bit of information, really have to bear in mind that NTP, save yourself a lot of frustration and headaches is a NTP client is not to when dealing with an earlier date-time server synchronization.

Good, then moaned and rattled enough and lets get down to business. On the Cisco device Configure NTP client will use the NTP Server x.x.x.x command in global configuration. You can specify multiple NTP servers, if you have multiple servers in your network; this ensures that NTP redundant Cisco equipment if failure one still gets the time from a server. However captured this configuration is processed but from top to bottom in the configuration of the server, but using the x.x.x.x command NTP server you have specified "preferred server" like capabilities.

Cisco devices is another way to configure the NTP server using NTP peer x.x.x.x command in global configuration. This command will allow you to use multiple NTP servers, and servers in a peer group is the lowest class will be the most accurate NTP server peer groups.

To verify your Cisco device through NTP you will need to use the show NTP associations, will show you the current NTP peer devices and other information including the NTP reference clock, #, on its formation in the polling interval, arrival, delays and offsets.

In this lab, you will configure the R2 as a preferred NTP server NTP client query the time from R1. In the laboratory this laboratory R1 is configured as stratum 3 NTP Server. goal 2. ----In each router its own OSPF area configuration Loopback0 interface, using a new OSPF area number of routers.

Lab Instruction:

Step 1: Time and date configured on R1 as of January 1, 2005, to ensure that the configuration is different
then real time demo of NTP time.

Step 2: Configure R2 to use the NTP server located at 10.117.12.1.

Step 3: Verity R2 from R1 has been by looking at the local clock and NTP Association by NTP for the correct time and date.

As shown above the show NTP command you will see the server 10.117.12.1 the Association is the primary (sync) server, such as a *. Once you can confirm how long does the clock via NTP synchronization.

How to Configuring Multiple Area OSPF

Complete first 4 lab when you find it you should configure OSPF OSPF a section a good foundation. Now it's time to build on this basis by learning how to configure OSPF to separate routing of network management and resource conservation benefits in many fields. Step back and look at it this way, the network uses multiple area is designed to provide easy access to network troubleshooting when things blow up. Facilities such as OSPF is one of zone 1, 2 are two OSPF areas of facilities, this allows you to isolate network issues to the level of a site/facilities.

Because in a certain region-specific router is configured only in the area of database, you can save the router resources. Area border routers maintain however these routers must be able to handle the whole OSPF topology such as catalyst 6,500 series routers, switches, 7,600 7,200 three thousand eight hundred-three thousand nine hundredths series integrated services router series routers, or even copies of performance requirements.

Show OSPF network contains an average of 50-75 area highly respectable Web site has done an online survey. Keep in mind that not every single building is its own OSPF area, general rule when designing an OSPF area is a single zone can contain up to 250 router and several hundreds of routes in the region.

Command to configure a new area is the same configuration as the backbone area 0 network statement following the specified range you specified a new area code. Remember region 0 is the backbone area and traversing a network from one region to another region that all communications must!!! Traversing the backbone area.

R2 ′ s in zone 3 point-to-point link between R2 and R3.
Each router its own OSPF area configuration Loopback0 interface, using a new OSPF area number of routers.
Configure point to point links between R4 and R5, and R4 and R5 ′ s physical LAN interface (FastEthernet0/0) in the OSPF area 45.
Verify that all new OSPF interarea routes in R1 ′ s routing table; these are called O*IA course.

Lab Instruction:

Step 1: Configure R2′s point-to-point link between R2 and R3 in Area 3.

Step 2: At each router its own OSPF area configuration Loopback0 interface, using a new OSPF area number of routers.

Step 4: Verify that all the new OSPF Inter-Area routes are in R1′s routing table; these are denoted as O*IA routes.

How to Configuring EIGRP Route Summarization

If you have completed Lab 7-8--Summary configure RIP routing, then you should have a basic understanding of how to route summarization of engineering. If you weren't summed up; it's basically your subnet on which different subnets to form a single larger subnets to obtain the advertisement to the neighboring routers to save on router resources operations. For example, if you advertise 22 covers four 24 subnetted network, then you are effectively cutting of neighboring routers resources 75%; in this case, the upstream router with a single 22 routes instead of four, four routed to the same location.

EIGRP configuration summary address almost on the same order as for a per-interface basis using the RIP configuration summary addresses but with minor differences. When EIGRP configured on an interface a summary EIGRP summary addresses you will use the IP address as the #n.n.n.n s.s.s.s.s command, and RIP IP addresses summary RIP n.n.n.n s.s.s.s

Another benefit of using summary routes (aka: routing aggregation) is that if a single route is down the Hill contains a simple route, don't send updated throughout the entire routing domain. Summary route will know more about the course router advertisements. EIGRP, which prevents unnecessary queries and potential SIA EIGRP autonomous system.

In this lab, you will be in four new loopback interface configured on R1 summary and configuration on router R1 advertise a hub and spoke frame relay interface, as well as the R2 point-to-point interfaces.

Familiarize yourself with the following new commands;

Step 1: Four new loopback interface is configured on the R1 uses the 4-7 number, 10.122.4.0/22 configured for the interface IP address ranges. Tip: the 3rd byte interface number.

Step 4: Verify, view the routing table on the R5: he is spreading incorrect summary speech.

R5>show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area 
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

     10.80.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 13 subnets, 5 masks
C       10.80.50.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0
D       10.80.40.0/24 [90/2297856] via 10.80.45.1, 01:43:54, Serial0/1
D       10.80.23.1/32 [90/3705856] via 10.80.45.1, 01:43:54, Serial0/1
D       10.80.23.0/30 [90/3705856] via 10.80.45.1, 01:43:54, Serial0/1
D       10.80.23.2/32 [90/3705856] via 10.80.45.1, 01:43:54, Serial0/1
D       10.80.30.0/24 [90/3321856] via 10.80.45.1, 01:43:54, Serial0/1
C       10.80.45.1/32 is directly connected, Serial0/1
C       10.80.45.0/30 is directly connected, Serial0/1
D       10.80.20.0/24 [90/3321856] via 10.80.45.1, 01:43:54, Serial0/1
D       10.80.10.0/24 [90/2809856] via 10.80.45.1, 01:43:54, Serial0/1
C       10.50.0.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback5
D       10.122.4.0/22 [90/2809856] via 10.80.45.1, 00:05:37, Serial0/1
D       10.80.234.0/29 [90/2681856] via 10.80.45.1, 01:43:55, Serial0/1
R5>

How to Configuring EIGRP Stub Area Networks

More router you has you has more of query and more of query and delay you has more big of opportunities in you of network in the of router will became SIA (stuck activities), in this situation Xia does not in specifies of thread returns query of replies of any continuous of EIGRP node held will was dropped, through that neighbors learn to of any routing will also from delete routing table even route has. In the worst cases, such problems may result in your routing table go away.

With all these information tables; R5 when you really need it has only one entrance into the net on the upstream network query? This certainly is not. R5, be the primary candidate, in this case become a stub (stub), EIGRP router receives all routes, but only the advertising connections and total route upstream.

Another router when the router has been formed with the stub (stub) neighborhood adjacent to the stub (stub), EIGRP neighbors will not be sent any queries so this effectively accelerates network convergence, because there is now a small router route fault condition s.

There are seven different types of EIGRP stub (stub) but CCNA scope coves only basic stub (stub), is sent only EIGRP routes will receive all connection and summary routes. The list of the different types of stub (stub) that EIGRP can be configured for the network;

CCNA exam only requires you to be familiar with the basics of EIGRP stub (stub) operation, but you can try if you want to further your knowledge with other EIGRP stub (stub) type.

To configure EIGRP stub (stub) type, navigate to EIGRP router configuration mode, and then use the EIGRP stub (stub) command.

You can verify that the neighbor is a stub (stub) neighbors in privileged mode using the show IP EIGRP neighbor detail command.

R4 and R5 is a branch office in this lab is a regional office. R5 has only a single network, its route is 10.80.50.0/24. You will act as a configure EIGRP stub router R5 and verify that your configuration.

Be familiar with the following new command;

• Configure R5 as an EIGRP stub network to send connected and summary routes only to its neighboring router(s)
• Verify R5′s EIGRP stub router configuration using only R4.

Step 1: Configure the R5 and summary routes to its neighboring routers send connector only EIGRP stub (stub) network.

There are two different commands you can use to accomplish this goal, to do the same thing. First EIGRP stub (stub), which is by default EIGRP stub (stub) and will send a summary of connections and routes, or you can use the EIGRP stub (stub) connection, a summary of which will give you the same results. This lab will show by default EIGRP stub (stub) types, as shown below;

R5>enable

R5#configure terminal

Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.

R5(config)#router eigrp 10

R5(config-router)#eigrp stub

R5(config-router)#end

R5#

%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console

%DUAL-5-NBRCHANGE: IP-EIGRP(0) 10: Neighbor 10.80.45.1 (Serial0/1)

is down: peer info changed

R5#

%DUAL-5-NBRCHANGE: IP-EIGRP(0) 10: Neighbor 10.80.45.1 (Serial0/1)

is up: new adjacency

R5#

Step 2: Verify using only R4 ′ s EIGRP stub (stub) the router configuration.

To view instead, or neighbor is not EIGRP stub router in privileged mode using the show IP EIGRP neighbor detail command, as shown below.

How to Configuring EIGRP Static Neighbors

If you completed the previous labs 8-1 – Configure EIGRP, you'll notice the EIGRP does not form a neighbor relationship between R1 and R4. This is because it is a map between two devices that allow broadcasts. As a way to restrict ISP forbid the broadcast in a particular PVC program. Having said that, remember treat multicast broadcast through the frame relay network.

As a hotfix for this problem, you can define a static neighbor would force the EIGRP neighbor through unicast RIP like; same EIGRP routing processes, even if orders are communicated by it's neighbor x.x.x.x interface #/#x.x.x.x is equal to the IP address of the interface, and the interface #/# which adjacent relation in the peer interface.

Configure EIGRP static neighbor, neighbor's statements are needed in the same autonomous system in the operation of neighbor relationships at both ends of the EIGRP routing process. Also keep in mind that when you are in a specific interface, EIGRP, specify a static neighbourhood will be disabled when you process the multicast datagram for a specified EIGRP interface so that being said EIGRP EIGRP process will not be sent without receiving multicast traffic on the definition of a static neighbor EIGRP routing process interfaces.

In this lab you will on a hub and spoke frame relay network configuring static neighbors. (R1, R2, R3 to R1, and R1 to R4)

Will continue according to the laboratory this laboratory 8-1 and 8 other topology generation used in the lab.

• Frame relay hub and R1 and R4, R1 and R3, R1 and R2 for the branch network, configure a static neighbourhood.
• Validation on the R1 has been established on the relationship between neighbors.
• Validation and spoke between the spokes of the hub transmission.

Step 2: Talk to verify statements between communication routes between hubs and spokes.

All routes as shown below are advertised to frame relay network hub router (R1);

Now verify that the routes from the spoke routers R2 and R3 are in the R4′s routing table as shown below;

As you can see from the above, you can tell that route on R2 and R3 to R4 and therefore not to be released to R5 as well. What causes this and how to fix it?

This type of behavior is provided by the EIGRP IP split-horizon interface received them, carries no route created. This is a cycle of the precautionary approach, and in some cases must be disabled as a hub-and-spoke topology. You will learn more about split-horizon. Configure EIGRP did not split-horizon.

How to Configuring Basic EIGRP

Real World Application & Core Knowledge:

If you have completed the previous section discussed protocols RIP (routing information) and now it's time to indulge further in the Cisco EIGRP (Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol), introduced the wonderful world.

Cisco Routing protocols EIGRP is owner, means that it is only found on the Cisco device. You cannot run EIGRP Juniper or Adtran or any other router EIGRP is proprietary (Cisco). When you use Cisco networking between suppliers of all no obligation when EIGRP is usually select the protocols to route. EIGRP supports the use of multiple IP, IPX, AppleTalk routing protocols.


EIGRP has been removed from its predecessor; internal routing routing (Gateway Protocol), is a classful routing protocols such as RIPv1. Published routing does not have the update mask while EIGRP is Classless and supports VLSM (variable length subnet mask) routed subnet using EIGRP uses a 32-bit 24-bit measurement metrics. When you are on the same router running EIGRP routing uses the same autonomous system number (#), and routes are automatically redistributed between protocols and EIGRP EIGRP metric is accordingly adjusted.

EIGRP maintains three separate the tables, neighbors, topology table and routing table;

Neighbor table provides specific router has formed relationships with neighbours listing of all neighboring routers. Neighbors to Exchange routing information and how to ensure that a neighbor is still rising.

Topology table is basically adopted in which to store the neighbors learned of all the destination routing routing database. Table routing topologies can be marked with a "p" passive, which means that the course is stable. No longer satisfy the feasibility condition and are actively searching to replace a subsequent route by querying the neighboring router's routing routing is marked as "a" activities. If subsequent routes have a viable successor, routing never marked active for your router will have a backup route fault tolerance back to primary schools (subsequent route) case of failure. Convergence time is very low.

If a route down the mountain and there is no feasible successor route, EIGRP will query the routers in a row, failed to see if there is an alternate route to route. In a poorly designed network, EIGRP queries can be the collapse of the network, EIGRP routes can become SIA (stuck in the initiative). If a query response, within the allotted time had not received back from the router (SIA timer: 180 seconds by default) to delete a neighbor relationship and no route associated with the neighbourhood's removal causes the datagrams that are discarded when re-convergent network.

By using five separate value known as k-valued formulas, calculate the EIGRP metric. By default only the k values 1 and 3 are used (bandwidth and latency), K2, K4, K5 is set to 0. EIGRP metric formulas and k values are defined as follows;

EIGRP Metric = 256*((K1*Bw) + (K2*Bw)/(256-Load) + K3*Delay)*(K5/(Reliability + K4)))

K1 = Bandwidth
K2 = Load
K3 = Delay
K4 = Reliability
K5 = Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU)
So if you use the order of operations you can deduce the equation down to

EIGRP Metric = 256(Bandwidth + Delay)

Now, keep in mind that the bandwidth and latency formula derived from these variables. To determine the maximum bandwidth of bandwidth will be divided from the interface bandwidth. To determine the delay you will divide the interface 10 such as EIGRP metric to use ten microseconds in its calculations. See the formula below;

Bandwidth = (10^7/Bandwidth in Kbps)
Delay = 10/uSec

So if you want to determine the composite metric of a T1 link at 1.544Mbs (1544Kbps) you’ll need to get the bandwidth and delay variables first then plug those into the EIGRP metric calculation formula as shown below; Keep in mind the delay on a T1 serial interface is 20000uSec (20,000 Microseconds)

Bandwidth = (10^7/1544) = 6476.68 == 6476 (rounded down)
Delay = (10/20000) = 2000
EIGRP Metric = 256*(6476 + 2000) = 2169856

Now that you have a basic understanding of the operation of EIGRP, let us enter the lab configuration section. Many commands to configure EIGRP is similar to configuring RIP. # Your process using router EIGRP EIGRP routers

# As (autonomous system) was a new concept. Autonomous systems are defined by multiple network devices controlled by a single entity or entities shared common routing strategy for collection. But you can have multiple autonomous systems such as under the same organizational control; multiple sites or facilities in the national or world-wide interconnected but isolated for administrative purposes.

RIPv2, EIGRP is enabled by default on the automatic summary. Unless you disable automatic summarization in EIGRP routing process allows a router will be summarized in the category network boundaries.

When specified in the routing process to participate in the network, you must use a wildcard mask. This is the reverse of a subnet mask notation. So if a subnet mask is 255.255.255.0 (11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000), then you flip, 1 to 0 and from 0 to 1, and the wildcard mask 0.0.0.255 (00000000.00000000.00000000.11111111)

Specifies that when a network statement under EIGRP routing processes, please bear in mind that the network does not specify that you specify will be published in EIGRP autonomous system network, EIGRP, however specify which interface's IP network range of addresses that belong to the specified network. As he says, if you have 10.80.0.0 which means 10.80.0.0/8 any interface has an IP address in the network will participate in the EIGRP routing process. If 10.80.0.0 is specified, you have 10.20.30.1/24 serial zero-zero interface, such as subnet masks that are derived from the EIGRP routing process network 0.255.. EIGRP no ads will be 10.20.30.0/24 and 10.80.0.0/8, because the statement did not specify the network advertising network, only during which interfaces to the routing.

It is based on IP addresses for the specified interface, into the host's IP address to prevent interface that does not require participation in the future when you add a new interface best practices along the route. In this case the router configuration mode, you will specify a network statement 10.20.30.1. This will prevent the interface with IP address 10.30.22.1/24 to participate in the routing process, if you use a network 10.80.0.0 statements.

RIPv2, static can be specified using the neighbor x.x.x.x command in router configuration mode to configure EIGRP operations over NBMA networks such as frame relay neighbors. By default EIGRP Hello multicast datagrams sent to 224.0.0.10 using the IP protocol 88 and the TTL is 1

By using the show IP EIGRP neighbor command, you can view a specific router has formed with adjacent neighbors. This command also displays other important information, such as the interface's neighbor learning by doing, SRTT is sent to a neighbor and recognized the need to come back and receive updates. Timeouts are EIGRP sends hello data if you do not receive confirmation of the interval. "Q" (queue count) is specific to EIGRP has been queued will be sent to the neighbor and the neighbor's uptime, number of updates.

Another command show IP EIGRP neighbor was similar to the show IP EIGRP interface, which displays on topics such as EIGRP neighbor through a particular interface, the transmission queue, each average SRTT and suspend route learned detailed information about interfaces.

8 Laboratory will use the following diagram looks like this;

Configuring Trunk Ports using ISL

Real World Application & Core Knowledge:

So you have more than one multiple VLAN on the switch, but how do you transport passes between these exchangers no crossover cable into the port, this may be a huge waste of port density in each VLAN exists? The answer is so simple that it is called a trunk link. First trunk link can be very difficult to grasp, but the trunk is the essence of 2 or more for a single link multiple VLAN traffic between switches. This is Cisco proprietary converter link (ISL) trunking wrappers or IEEE standard 802.1 q (dot1q) trunk encapsulation protocols.

Trunk encapsulation protocols, and you will need to know how to configure the operation of CCNA, validation and troubleshooting using Dot1q or ISL trunk link.

Switch link (ISL) as previously mentioned is a Cisco proprietary protocol which encapsulates the trunk into a 26-byte header and 4 bytes of frame check sequence of frames as a whole (FCS) and transport 10 bit is added in front of the trunk link to ensure that the traffic from SW1 to VLAN 10, VLAN ID the VLAN 10 o'clock, SW2.

IEEE standard 802.1 q (Dot1q) but does not encapsulate Ethernet frames as a whole, but 32-bit fields, but into the Ethernet MAC address of the frame between the original frames and Ethernet type/length field.

Dot1q 32-bit in the field is divided into 4 specific sections. TPID, pentachlorophenol, the first 16 bits of the next 3 followed by the Court of first instance and the last VID.

Tag protocol identifier (TPID) is a 16-bit field. To determine if IEEE 802.1 q-frame is set to a value of 0x8100-frame with a label.


Priority code point (PCP) refers to the IEEE 802.1 p priority 3-bit field. Field indicates the frame priority level, the priorities can be used to transport. The value of the field to 8 (0 to 7).

Standard format indicator (CFI) is a 1 bit value; opens or closes, and determine whether or not MAC addresses are in normalized format.

VLAN identifier (VID) is a 12-bit field. It uniquely identifies the VLAN to which the frame belongs. The field can have a value between 0 per cent.

This is used by the Cisco recommends that all deployments of IEEE 802.1 q standards because this is dealer, actionable link between Cisco switches that are specific to only the Cisco switch.

In this lab, you will familiarize yourself with the following command;

(F) using GNS3 CCNA free load Binder-GNS3 topology than a starter, SW1, SW2, R1 and R2.
SW1, SW2, the establishment and equipment of R1 and R2 to configure a device console session respects the hostname (s).
10.1.1.2/24 configure R1 ′ s IP address the IP address of the interface 10.1.1.1/24 and s ′ R2 FastEthernet0/1 interface FastEthernet0/0
2 create a VLAN VLAN 10 on SW1 and SW2. (Layer 2 VLAN is not VLAN interface 3 layer their VLAN; i.e., no interface Vlan10.)
Static access SW1 and SW2 ′ s ′ s FastEthernet0/1 FastEthernet0/2 interface is configured as VLAN 10.

Lab Objectives:

• (F) using GNS3 CCNA free load Binder GNS3 topology than the starter, SW1, SW2, R1 and R2.
• SW1, SW2, creation and design of the R1 and the R2 configuration console session komfort respects the host (s).
• Configure R1 ′ 10.1.1.2/24 IP IP and s ′ R2 FastEthernet0/1 interface 10.1.1.1/24 interface FastEthernet0/0
• 2 create a VLAN VLAN 10 on SW1 and SW2. (Layer 2 VLAN is not VLAN interface VLAN 3 layer; that is, no interface Vlan10. )
• SW1 and SW2 TV static ′ ′ FastEthernet0/1 FastEthernet0/2 interface configured for VLAN 10.

Lab Instruction:

Step 1. Shutting down FastEthernet0/11 and FastEthernet0/12 in the SW1 and SW2 interface FastEthernet0/10 interface and configure IEEE 802.1 q on SW1 and SW2 on the trunk.

To configure an interface as a static trunk, you will first need to configure the package for the first time as its trunk encapsulation is "automatic" interface may not be configured to "trunk" modes.

SW1 con0 is now available
Press RETURN to get started.
SW1>enable
SW1#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
SW1(config-if)#interface range Fa0/11 - 12
SW1(config-if-range)#shutdown
SW1(config-if-range)#interface fa0/10
SW1(config-if)#switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
SW1(config-if)#switchport mode trunk
SW1(config-if)#no shut
SW1(config-if)#end
SW1#

Step 2. Verify that the R1 to R2 accessibility IP ping command on R1.

Now, you have a trunk link between SW1 and SW2, SW1 built on traffic in VLAN 10 should be able to spread to VLAN 10 on SW2. To test this, ping R2 ' s FastEthernet zero-first interface (IP address 10.1.1.2) R1 as shown;

R1#ping 10.1.1.2
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.1.1.2, timeout is 2 seconds:
.!!!!
Success rate is 80 percent (4/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 4/29/60 ms
R1#

When you ping from R1 FastEthernet0/1 ′ s IP address of the interface, know that the destination IP address of the router is on the same local subnet to its ARP for host 10.1.1.2 MAC address, ARP-request received are SW1, SW2 on on R2 and answer "Hey 10.1.1.2, my MAC address is ABCD. EF 12.3456. 。 R1 now know MAC address of 10.1.1.2 direction SW1 with the correct destination MAC address, then forwarded the ICMP datagrams. Originally because so and so he will be forwarding interfaces in addition to the frame of the machine not local VLAN interfaces that switch SW1 will not know the location of the MAC address. When the frame switch SW2 has received is the correct port as its MAC address MAC that already exists in the table. R2 datagram ICMP response SW1 the opposite way. SW1, receives a response with R2 R1 after seeing SW1 not learn new source MAC-address MAC-address will then be set in the CAM table (Mac address) for future use.

SW2#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
SW2(config)#interface FastEthernet0/2
SW2(config-if)#switchport access vlan 5
% Access VLAN does not exist. Creating vlan 5
SW2(config-if)#end
SW2#
R1#ping 10.1.1.2

Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.1.1.2, timeout is 2 seconds:
.....
Success rate is 0 percent (0/5)
R1#

As shown in the lab using can span multiple switches in a single reference to the barrel link to send traffic to more than one VLAN.

NM and Cisco 16ESW 2,950 does not support ISL encapsulation provides the boot configuration example below. Please note that ISL ISL and Dot1q encapsulation exchanger port |dot1q the only difference between trunk configuration command options.

c3560-Switch1>enable

c3560-Switch1#configure terminal

c3560-Switch1(config)#interface fa0/10

c3560-Switch1(config-if)#switchport trunk encap isl

c3560-Switch1(config-if)#switchport mode trunk

c3560-Switch1(config-if)#end

c3560-Switch1#sh int fa0/10 trunk

Port        Mode             Encapsulation    Status        Native vlan

Fa0/10      on                isl                      trunking             1

Port        Vlans allowed on trunk

Fa0/10      none

Port        Vlans allowed and active in management domain

Fa0/10      none

Port        Vlans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned

Fa0/10      none

c3560-Switch1#

Creating Virtual Local Area Networks

Starting off first allows the use of a flat network definition. Flat network design network is a network engineer do not daisy chain hubs together with the knowledge of and/or switches to create a single large network includes hundreds of, if not tens of thousands of devices in a single subnet.

From a design point of view it was broadcast and control traffic can overwhelm the network crazy bad idea. In real-world production of multiple access network (such as Ethernet and you will find when you take the previous host for a given subnet 400+, can degrade network performance. 24 is the most common network size can resolve the 254 available IP address of the host's subnet mask.

How to create a network larger then 400+ node? Answer is actually quite simple 4 letter abbreviation is called VLAN. Virtual local area network in the most simple terms partition a physical switch into multiple independent local area network so that traffic on one VLAN cannot communicate with another VLAN traffic unless it's a router. As a 2nd tier network isolation, can easily explain the VLAN and the 3rd layer of isolation as a subnet will be discussed at the 6th Festival.

To create a layer 2 VLAN control are the key factors in a given network segment size, in order to broadcast and control traffic and exposure in a given network segment.

Free CCNA SW1 Binder GNS3 topology processing, please keep in mind that SW2 and SW3 NM 16ESW switch module with Cisco 3,640 series routers. Of this switch module configuration, the Cisco Catalyst series switches. Router to configure VLAN nm -16ESW module installed, you will need to create a VLAN in the VLAN database configuration mode. Keep in mind that the VLAN database configuration mode is now depreciated in newer Cisco switches and Cisco IOS software on the exchangers create VLAN global configuration mode using the VLAN# name VLAN_NAME command now.

In addition please note that verifying NM 16ESW switch configuration commands are slightly different, and then the catalyst switch running Cisco IOS. Recommended buying Cisco Catalyst switches 2950 g, or preferably 3,550 in order to familiarize yourself with the command on the Catalyst switch.

In this lab, you will familiarize yourself with the following command;

Lab Prerequisites:

Than load if you use GNS3 CCNA free Binder GNS3 topology than the starter, SW1.

Establish SW1 than configuring a device with the device console session respects the hostname (s).

Lab Instruction:

Step 1. On SW1 create VLAN 3. To name a sales VLAN 10, VLAN 20 and VLAN 30 marketing name.


To achieve this goal by using GNS3, you need to go to the VLAN database configuration mode use the VLAN database command in privileged mode. VLAN in the VLAN configuration mode number name vlan_name database command can be used to create a VLAN.

SW1 con0 is now available
Press RETURN to get started.
SW1>enable
SW1#config terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
SW1(config)#vlan 10
SW1(config-vlan)#name Sales
SW1(config-vlan)#vlan 20
SW1(config-vlan)#name Development
SW1(config-vlan)#vlan 30
SW1(config-vlan)#name Marketing
SW1(config-vlan)#end
SW1#

Step 2. Assign port Fa0/1 interface Fa0/2 and assign a VLAN interface VLAN 10,VLAN 20 Fa0/3 30. Then check the configuration.

Switch port VLAN you want to configure a specific interface will use switch port access VLAN# in interface configuration mode. To verify that you use VLAN switches displayed when configuring NM16 ESW VLAN or VLAN configuration on the Cisco Catalyst series shows that consumers or privileged mode, as shown below on the catalyst switch series.

SW1#configure terminal
SW1(config)#interface Fa0/1
SW1(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10
SW1(config-if)#interface Fa0/2
SW1(config-if)#switchport access vlan 20
SW1(config-if)#interface Fa0/3
SW1(config-if)#switchport access vlan 30
SW1(config-if)#end
SW#show vlan

Configuring Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP)

Real World Application & Core Knowledge:

Cisco Discovery Protocol every day by network engineers worldwide record and all understand the physical network topology and not stall. CDP runs on the 2nd layer of the OSI model and exchanging information between IP addresses of most Cisco devices, physical link connection port identifier, interface device IOS version, device capabilities, such as the native VLAN, duplex and VTP management domain.


In this lab, you will familiarize yourself with the following command;

Lab Prerequisites:

• Than load if you use GNS3 CCNA free Binder GNS3 topology than starting system R1 and SW1
• Building R1 and SW1 configuration console sessions respecting the hostname of the device (s).
• IP addresses configured on R1 ′ s FastEthernet0/0 interface 192.168.255.1/24
• SW1 ′ s Vlan1 interface configuration on IP address 192.168.255.254/24.

Lab Objectives:

• Use only R1, determine if SW1 IOS feature set and version that is running on.
• Use only the SW1, determine the IP address of R1 through CDP learned.
• Use only R1, determine the ports of R1 is connected to SW1.
• Use only R1, determine if the native VLAN and VTP domain are on the R1 is connected directly to the switch ports.
• Clear R1 on the CDP table, and verify that it has been cleared; ex post facto verifying R1 relearns about the SW1.
• Change the default timer R1 and SW1 from one to sixty-one hundred and eightieths and verify that your configuration changes.

Lab Instruction:

Step 1. Use the only the R1, determine if SW1 IOS feature set and version that is running on. To determine this information in user or privileged mode, as shown below on the R1 show CDP neighbors detail command is executed.

R1>show cdp neighbors detail

-------------------------

Device ID: Router

Entry address(es): 

Platform: Cisco 3640,  Capabilities: Router Switch IGMP 

Interface: FastEthernet0/0,  Port ID (outgoing port): FastEthernet0/1

Holdtime : 134 sec

Version :

Cisco IOS Software, 3600 Software (C3640-JK9O3S-M), Version 12.4(13a),

RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)

Technical Support: http://www.cisco.com/techsupport

Copyright (c) 1986-2007 by Cisco Systems, Inc.

Compiled Tue 06-Mar-07 20:25 by prod_rel_team

advertisement version: 2

VTP Management Domain: ''

Duplex: full

R1>

The statement as shown above with the bottom line SW1; run the enterprise/FW/ID plus IPSEC 3DES version 12.4 (13A).

Step 2. Use only the SW1, determine the IP address of R1 through CDP learned. To obtain this information, you will use the show CDP neighbors detail command on SW1 in user or privileged mode see below;

SW1#show cdp neighbors detail

-------------------------

Device ID: R1

Entry address(es): 

  IP address: 192.168.255.1

Platform: Cisco 3725,  Capabilities: Router Switch IGMP 

Interface: FastEthernet0/1,  Port ID (outgoing port): FastEthernet0/0

Holdtime : 168 sec

Version :

Cisco IOS Software, 3700 Software (C3725-ADVENTERPRISEK9-M), Version

12.4(15)T14, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc2)

Technical Support: http://www.cisco.com/techsupport

Copyright (c) 1986-2010 by Cisco Systems, Inc.

Compiled Tue 17-Aug-10 12:08 by prod_rel_team

advertisement version: 2

VTP Management Domain: ''

Duplex: full

SW1#

The statement as shown above with the bottom line R1 has an IP address assigned to the interface of the CDP frame is sent out 192.168..

Step 3. Use the only the R1, determine the ports of R1 is connected to SW1. To obtain this information or CDP neighbor display you can use the show CDP neighbors detail command.

R1#show cdp neighbors

Capability Codes: R - Router, T - Trans Bridge, B - Source Route Bridge

                  S - Switch, H - Host, I - IGMP, r - Repeater

Device ID        Local Intrfce     Holdtme    Capability  Platform        Port ID

SW1                  Fas 0/0             125           R S I         3640           Fas 0/1

R1#

Step 4. Use the only the R1, determine if the native VLAN and VTP domain are on the R1 is connected directly to the switch ports. This information is by using the show CDP neighbors detail command is shown below;

The statement as shown on the bottom line; the VTP domain is empty. This so-called "Null" it just means that there is no VTP domain has been posted on the exchanger Configuring CDP on the frame. R1 is connected directly to the switch port number of the native VLAN is VLAN 1.

Step 5. Clear the CDP table of R1 and verify that it has been cleared; verify R1 relearns SW1. To clear the CDP table clears CDP table command in privileged mode, as shown below followed by verification;

R1#show cdp neighbors

Capability Codes: R - Router, T - Trans Bridge, B - Source Route Bridge

                  S - Switch, H - Host, I - IGMP, r - Repeater

Device ID         Local Intrfce     Holdtme   Capability    Platform     Port ID

SW1                    Fas 0/0            173         R S I         2650XM      Fas 1/0

R1#clear cdp table

R1#show cdp neighbors

Capability Codes: R - Router, T - Trans Bridge, B - Source Route Bridge

                  S - Switch, H - Host, I - IGMP, r - Repeater

Device ID        Local Intrfce     Holdtme    Capability  Platform  Port ID

R1#

Step 6. Change the default timer on the R1 and SW1 from one to sixty-one hundred and eightieths and verify that your configuration changes. To make these changes using CDP timer and CDP Holdtime global configuration command. To verify that the changes in the user or privileged mode, use the show CDP command, as shown below;